Comminuted-fuel carburetor



H. B. PRUDEN.

COMMINUTED FUEL CARBURETOR. APPLICATlON FILED JANJT. 1916. RENEWED OCT. 9. 1916.

1,437 6?8, Patented Dec, 5, 1922,v

WITNESSES: I l/Vl/EA/ TOR 4 W HBPMJM W VATTOBIVEY Tao STATES.

PATENT OFFICE.

HARRY B. PRUDEN, OE CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO POWDER/ED COAL ENGI- NEERING & E QUIPMENT COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

COMMINUTED-FUEL CARBURETOR.

Application filed January 7,1916, Serial No. 70,832. Renewed October 9, 1916. Serial No, 124,692.

T 0 all w item it may) concern:

Be it known thatI, HARRY B. PRUDEN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in comminuted-Fuel Carburetors,'of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to carburetors for the carbonization of fuel, and especially to carburetors for comminuted material such as are used with burners of the type in con.- nection withfire-boxes, fire-chambers or combustion chambers.

It has been discovered under actual working conditions that each particle of comminuted fuel, when surrounded by air and entering a firebox, will ignite instantly and a complete combustion results therefrom, thereby eliminating soot, cinders, the residue being the small particles of ash only. Now, therefore, I have'devised a carburetor for comminuted fuel which. insures a complete combination of the oxygen of the air and the comminuted fuel under all service conditions. For instance, a feeder and nozzle which would produce a long flame, would not produce complete combustion under the best conditions, and would further fail to produce proper combustion when the length of the flame was reduced. It has been found that either incomplete combustion with the production of smoke resulted, or that clogging of the feeder, due to deposition of the comminuted material inthe feeder, would take place.

' The principal object of the invention is to provide an improved form of carburetor wherein the control of the admission of air and the comminuted material as well as the delivery of the thoroughly mixed air and fuel through the nozzle will be such as will insure perfectcombustion under any and all conditions of service and use.

A secondimportant object of the invention is to provide an improved means of mixing air and .comminuted material in a device of this character. 7

A third important object of the invention is to provide improved means for assisting the feeding of the comminuted material to the mixing chamber.

A fourth important object ofthe invention is the provision of improvedmeans for ,and specifically claimed.-

minuted material especially-adapted to be used in connection with a supply of com-j minuted material removed from the storage and supply apparatus shown and described in my copending application filed of even date herewith and bearing the Serial Number 70,834.

A seventh important object of the invention is the provision'of an improved form of carburetor which, while especially "adapted to use in connection with the above apparatus, mayyet have the comminuted material sup lied when necessary by a screw or other mec anical conveyor. I

WVith the above and other objects'in View,

the invention consists in general-of certain novel details of construction: and arrangements of parts hereinafter fully described,

illustrated in the accompanying drawings,

In the accompanying drawings, like characters 0f reference indicate like parts in the several views, and

Figure l is a longitudinal section through. a carburetor constructed in accordance with this invention.

Figure 2 is a front elevation of the nozzle and body of such a carburetor.

Figure 3 is a top plan view of the complete carburetor.

Figure 4 is a detailsection through a worm feed conveyor adapted for use herewith. I

, While the c-arburetorherein shown and described has been illustrated as being of certain general proportions and as possessing peculiar specific details, it is to beunderstood that the invention in itself is not confinedto the exact proportions shown or precise details set forth, but covers in scope everything set forth in the claims.

' In the embodiment illustrated, which is typical of one preferred form, there is provided an outer casing consisting of a shell or body 10 which is provided with outwardly directed and inwardly converging frusto conical ends 11. The rear end 11 is connected to an air supply pipen12 which is preferably d wnwardly curved as at 13 and then curved backwardly as at. 14 so that it may be connected with any suitable source of supply of air under pressure, the latter not being deemed necessary to be shown as t forms no essential part of the invention. lt is also preferred that a suitable valve 15 be located in the curved portion 13, this valve serving tocontrol the air supply to the outer casing.

Hermetically sealed to the front end 11 is a cylindrical inner casing or shell 16 which is spaced from the outer body orshellgiO. This inner casing is provided with circumferential rows of spaced diagonally directedopenings or louvres 17, the louvres in one row being directed in a direction at an angle to the louvres in adjacent rows 'so that air forced into the inner shell from the space between that shell'and the outer shell will be set up into a'tumultuous series of eddies and will constantly agitate any comminuted material forced into the inner shell. It is also preferred that the extreme rear openings or louvres 18 shall be larger than the remainder so that there will be a constant forward movement of the contents of the inner shell.

This inner shell terminates forwardly in a laterally expanded and vertically depressed extremity 18 carrying a delivery nozzle hereinafter to be described.

Extending through the pipe 12 and bent to terminate axially within therear end of the casing 16 is a comminuted fuel inlet pipe 19 or duct which receives its supply from the device illustrated in my copending application number 70,834 abov 'referred to. or from a mechanical source of supply such as is illustrated in Figure 4. Extending axially into the horizontal portion of this fuel supply pipe 19 is the nozzle of an air supply jet pipe 21 which opens rearwardly into the pipe 12 and is provided at its rear end with a gate or valve 22.

Surrounding the front end of the pipe 19 and at the rear of the inner shell 16 there is provided an annular valve seat 23 on which is adapted to seat a valve 24c connected to a stem 25. This stem 25 is threaded through a box 26 and is provided on its outer end with a controlling wheel 27 so that, by turning the wheel in one direction or the other, the opening between the valve 24 and its seat 23 may be adjusted to meet the desired conditions.

The delivery nozzle above referred to comprises a. box 28 which is substantially rectangular in cross section with its upper and lower sides flaring forwardly. At the rear end of the box, at the upper and lower sides, are hinged a pair of deflector plates 29 hinged at 29. Both the upper and lower sides of the box are provided with internally threaded bearings 30 through which pass valve stems 31 carrying hand wheels 32 so that under rotation of these hand wheels the front edges of the deflector plates may be caused to approach or recede.

It is preferred that the pipe 14: be used as the general air inlet for all of the apparatus, and one or more branchpipes 33 controlled by valves or gates 34 may extend'therefrom for the supply of air to the apparatus described in my copending application No. 70,833.

In using this apparatus it is to be kept in mind that the pressure of air in the pipe 1-1 will be substantially constant. \Vith a given opening of the valve 15 a substantially constant supply of air will be furnished to the pipe 12. This air will flow through the louvres 17 and 18 even when the valve 24 is closed and will there set up an intense eddying of the air within the shell 16. If fuel be supplied through the pipe 19 this fuel will be caused to intimately mix with the air, and, as the louvres 18 are larger than the others, a forward movement through the nozzle will take place. By properly adjusting the deflector plates 29 complete combustion of this .mixture may be had when the same is ignited at the mouth of the nozzle. If at this time the valve 24 be closed then the movement will be slow and a short flame will result. If the valves 24 and 22 be now opened a greater supply of fuel will be obtained.from the pipe 19, while at the same time a quicker forward movement of the contents of the shell 16 will take place, so that the flame will be pro jected to a greater distance from the nozzle, and by properly regulating the adjustment of the various valves and deflector plate all conditions of combustion may be accommodated. I

\Vhat is claimed as new is 1. A carburetor for comminuted fuel comprising an outer imperforate and an inner perforated casing, the two being spaced apart, means for supplying air and comminuted fuel to the inner casing, means for supplying air to the outer casing and means connected with the inner casing for directing the discharge of comminuted fuel at any desired angle.

2. A carburetor for comminuted fuel coinprising an outer imperforate casing..means for supplying air thereto, an inner casing concentrically disposed relative to the outer casing and providing with openings of dif ferent areas, means for supplying air and comminuted fuel to the inner casing, a nozzle carried by the latter casing, and means atthe exit end of the nozzle for directing the discharge of the comminuted fuel at different angles.

3. A carburetor forcomminuted fuel comwagers prising an outer imperforate and an inner perforated casing, means for supplying air to the outer casing, means for supplying air and coniminuted fuel to the inner casing, a nozzle carried by the inner casing, and valves disposed at the discharge end of the nozzle and arranged to deflect the comminuted fuel at different angles.

a. In a device of the class described, an elongated mixing chamber, means for creating a series of jets of air transversely of said transverse jets of air in said mixing chamber, a duct leadinginto one end of said mixing chamber, a nozzle for supplying a jet of air to said duct, a supplemental opening connecting said mixing and air chambers, and a hand-operated valve for controlling said connection.

6.In a device of the class described, an elongated mixing chamber, an air chamber surrounding the same, the walls separating said fuel and air chambers being perforated to provide transverse jets ofair in said mixing chamber, connections for supplying air to the air chamber, a duct for supplying fuel to the mixing chamber concentric with and at one end thereof, a nozzle for supplying air to said duct to force fuel therefrom, an annular opening surrounding said duct between the same and the wall of the mixing chamber whereby additional communica tion between the air and mixing chamber is afforded, and a valve controlling said opening.

7. In a device of the class described, an elongated cylindrical. mixing chamber having openings distributed longitudinally and peripherally in the cylindrical wall thereof, the openings being inclined with reference to the axis of the chamber, an air chamber surrounding the mixing chamber, means for forcing air under pressure into the air chamher, a fuel supply pipe for powdered fuel opening axially-into the mixing chamber at one end thereof, means for injecting air into the fuel supply pipe to force the fuel longitudinally of the mixing chamber, and a connection from the other end of the mixing chamber to the burner.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

HARRYB. PR-UDEN. 

